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• Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory, developed by Geert Hofstede, is a framework used to understand the differences in culture across countries.
• Hofstede’s initial six key dimensions include Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism-Collectivism, Masculinity-Femininity, and Short vs Long-Term Orientation. Later researchers added Restraint vs Indulgence to this list.
• The extent to which individual countries share key dimensions depends on a number of factors, such as shared language and geographical location.
• Hofstede’s cultural dimensions are widely used to understand etiquette and facilitate communication across cultures, in areas ranging from business to diplomacy.

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